History and examination resources for professionals
This professional section focuses on history and examination, offering in-depth content for healthcare professionals involved in diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing management. You'll find articles exploring key clinical considerations, guideline updates, and common challenges encountered in real-world practice. Each piece is written or reviewed by UK clinicians to ensure relevance and accuracy for multidisciplinary teams.
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- Abdominal distension and bloating
- Abdominal examination
- Abdominal hernias
- Abdominal masses
- Abdominal pain
- Abdominal pain in pregnancy
- Abnormal gait
- Abnormal weight loss
- Aching joints - assessment, investigations and management in primary care
- Acute abdomen
- Acute abdominal pain in children
- Acute urinary retention
- Alcoholism and alcohol misuse - recognition and assessment
- Ambiguous genitalia
- Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
- Anaemia of chronic disease
- Antenatal examinations and diagnosis of pregnancy
- Ascites
- Ascites tapping
- Back pain in children
- Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
- Blurred vision
- Bradycardia
- Breast lumps and breast examination
- Breast pain
- Breathlessness
- Broad complex tachycardias
- Bulbar palsy and pseudobulbar palsy
- Cachexia
- Caplan's syndrome
- Cardiac-type chest pain presenting in primary care
- Cardiovascular history and examination
- Catatonia and catalepsy
- Catheterising bladders
- Cauda equina syndrome
- Centile charts and assessing growth
- Cerebellar disorders
- Chest deformity
- Chest pain
- Cheyne-Stokes and abnormal patterns of respiration
- Choking and foreign body airway obstruction
- Chronic cough in adults
- Chronic cough in children
- Chronic pain
- Chronic suppurative otitis media
- Cluster headaches
- Colour vision and its disorders
- Coma
- Complex regional pain syndrome
- Conditions affecting the external eye
- Congenital ear problems
- Constipation in adults
- Cyanosis
- Death certification
- Dehydration in children
- Delirium
- Dental and periodontal diseases
- Depression
- Dermatological descriptive terms
- Dermatological history and examination
- Diplopia and III, IV and VI cranial nerve lesions
- Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
- Diseases and different ethnic groups
- Dizziness, giddiness and feeling faint
- Dysarthria and dysphasia
- Dyslexia
- Dyspareunia
- Dyspepsia
- Dysphagia
- Dyspnoea in palliative care
- Dyspraxia and apraxia
- Dysuria
- Ear, nose and throat examination
- Epigastric pain
- Epiphora
- Erectile dysfunction
- Erythema annulare centrifugum
- Erythema nodosum
- Examination of the cranial nerves
- Examination of the eye
- Examination of the spine
- Exercise tolerance testing
- Exophthalmos
- Facial nerve palsy
- Facial pain
- Faecal incontinence
- Faltering growth in children
- Fatigue and TATT
- Femoral hernias
- Femoral nerve lesion
- Fever and night sweats
- First seizure
- Flashes, floaters and haloes
- Flatulence and wind
- Foster Kennedy's syndrome
- Fungal nail infections
- Gait abnormalities in children
- Gangrene
- Gastrointestinal history and examination
- Generalised lymphadenopathy
- Genitourinary history and examination - female
- Genitourinary history and examination - male
- Gradual loss of vision
- Guillain-Barré syndrome
- Gynaecological examination and history
- Haematospermia
- Haemoptysis
- Halitosis
- Headache
- Healthy child programme
- Hearing testing and screening in young children
- Hearing tests
- Heart auscultation
- Heart murmurs in children
- Heart palpitations
- Hemifacial spasm
- Hepatomegaly
- Hiatus hernia
- Hiccups
- High-altitude illness
- Hip pain in children
- History and physical examination
- History taking
- Hoarseness
- Horner's syndrome
- Hot flushes
- Hot swollen joints
- Hydrocele
- Hyperhidrosis
- Hypnagogic hallucinations
- Hypothermia
- Ill and feverish child
- Infant respiratory distress syndrome
- Inguinal hernias
- Insomnia
- International prostate symptom score
- Itching
- Jaundice
- Jaundice in pregnancy
- Jugular venous pressure
- Knee pain
- Knees that swell
- Left iliac fossa pain
- Left upper quadrant pain
- Lentigo
- Leukoplakia
- Loin pain
- Loss of libido
- Low back pain and sciatica
- Lower urinary tract symptoms in men
- Lower urinary tract symptoms in women
- Lumps
- Marfan's syndrome
- Medically unexplained symptoms
- Micturition syncope
- Mild cognitive impairment
- Mini mental state examination
- Mobility impairment and off legs in adults
- Mononeuropathies
- Mother's six-week postnatal check
- Muscle cramps
- Myalgic encephalomyelitis
- Nail disorders and abnormalities
- Narcolepsy and cataplexy
- Narrow complex tachycardias
- Nasal discharge
- Neck lumps and bumps
- Neck pain (cervicalgia) and torticollis
- Neonatal examination
- Neonatal jaundice
- Neurological examination of the lower limbs
- Neurological examination of the upper limbs
- Neurological history and examination
- Newborn screening
- Night terrors and parasomnias
- Nightmare disorder
- Nocturia
- Nocturnal enuresis in children
- Nystagmus
- Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
- Obesity in adults
- Obesity in children
- Oliguria
- Optic disc swelling
- Orbital swellings
- Osteochondroses
- Otalgia
- Overactive bladder
- Paediatric examination
- Paediatric history
- Paediatric supraventricular tachycardia
- Painful foot
- Palmar erythema
- Pancoast's syndrome
- Peak flow recording
- Pelvic pain
- Peripheral arterial disease
- Peripheral oedema
- Persistent nausea or vomiting
- Pierre Robin sequence
- Pigmented purpuric dermatosis
- Polyuria
- Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation of skin
- Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation of skin
- Post-traumatic stress disorder
- Presbyacusis
- Prevention of falls in elderly people
- Proctalgia fugax and anal pain
- Prolonged diarrhoea or vomiting
- Prominent ears
- Psychiatric assessment
- Ptosis and lid lag
- Puerperal mastitis
- Pulse examination
- Pupillary abnormalities
- Pyrexia of unknown origin
- Raynaud's disease
- Rectal bleeding in adults
- Rectal bleeding in children
- Rectal examination
- Respiratory system history and examination
- Rheumatological history, examination and investigations
- Right iliac fossa pain
- Right upper quadrant pain
- Rigors
- Salivary gland disorders
- Screening for cognitive impairment
- Seborrhoeic dermatitis
- Secondary headache
- Severe and partial sight impairment
- Shoulder examination
- Shoulder pain
- Sick sinus syndrome
- Six-week baby check
- Sjögren's syndrome
- Skin and subcutaneous nodules
- Sleep problems in children
- Snoring
- Social anxiety disorder
- Social isolation - how to help patients be less lonely
- Somatic symptom disorder
- Spider naevus
- Splenomegaly and hypersplenism
- Steatohepatitis and steatosis
- Stokes-Adams attacks
- Strabismus (squint) classification and management
- Strawberry naevus
- Stridor
- Subconjunctival haemorrhage
- Superficial thrombophlebitis
- Supraventricular tachycardia in adults
- Swollen legs
- Sydenham's chorea
- Syncope
- Talipes equinovarus
- Tenesmus
- Tension-type headache
- Thirst
- Thoracic back pain
- Thyroglossal cysts
- Thyroid lumps
- Tinnitus
- Toe and finger clubbing
- Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders
- Tremor
- Two-year child development check
- Undescended testes
- Upper gastrointestinal bleeding
- Urinary frequency
- Urinary incontinence
- Uterine cervix and common cervical abnormalities
- Varicocele
- Varicose veins
- Vasculitis
- Vertigo
- Vision testing and screening in young children
- Visual field defects
- Voiding difficulties
- Vulvodynia
- Wheezing in children
- Xanthelasma